{"id":793,"date":"2026-09-25T10:19:43","date_gmt":"2026-09-25T13:19:43","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/hridiomas.com\/aprender-ucraniano\/?p=793"},"modified":"2026-09-25T19:08:12","modified_gmt":"2026-09-25T22:08:12","slug":"preposicoes-em-ucraniano","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/hridiomas.com\/aprender-ucraniano\/preposicoes-em-ucraniano\/","title":{"rendered":"Preposi\u00e7\u00f5es (\u043f\u0440\u0438\u0439\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0438) em ucraniano"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Preposi\u00e7\u00e3o em ucraniano \u00e9 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0439\u043c\u0435\u0301\u043d\u043d\u0438\u043a<\/strong> (pryimennyk). Como em portugu\u00eas, as preposi\u00e7\u00f5es em ucraniano ligam palavras e indicam lugar, tempo, dire\u00e7\u00e3o ou causa. A diferen\u00e7a \u00e9 que cada preposi\u00e7\u00e3o exige um determinado caso<\/a> no substantivo seguinte. Al\u00e9m disso, algumas mudam de sentido conforme o caso. Este artigo re\u00fane as preposi\u00e7\u00f5es mais comuns e o caso que cada uma pede. Tamb\u00e9m mostra as regras de pron\u00fancia de \u0443<\/strong>\/\u0432<\/strong> e \u0437<\/strong>\/\u0456\u0437<\/strong>\/\u0437\u0456<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Preposi\u00e7\u00f5es e casos<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

O nominativo, o genitivo, o acusativo e o vocativo podem aparecer sem preposi\u00e7\u00e3o. J\u00e1 o locativo e o instrumental quase sempre aparecem com uma preposi\u00e7\u00e3o. A tabela mostra preposi\u00e7\u00f5es que pedem um \u00fanico caso:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Preposi\u00e7\u00e3o<\/th>Sentido<\/th>Caso<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
\u0434\u043e<\/strong> [do]<\/td>para, at\u00e9<\/td>genitivo<\/td><\/tr>
\u0432\u0456\u0434<\/strong> [vid]<\/td>de (ponto de partida)<\/td>genitivo<\/td><\/tr>
\u0431\u0435\u0437<\/strong> [bez]<\/td>sem<\/td>genitivo<\/td><\/tr>
\u0434\u043b\u044f<\/strong> [dlia]<\/td>para (finalidade)<\/td>genitivo<\/td><\/tr>
\u043f\u0456\u0301\u0441\u043b\u044f<\/strong> [pislia]<\/td>depois de<\/td>genitivo<\/td><\/tr>
\u0431\u0456\u0301\u043b\u044f<\/strong> [bilia]<\/td>perto de, ao lado de<\/td>genitivo<\/td><\/tr>
\u0441\u0435\u0301\u0440\u0435\u0434<\/strong> [sered]<\/td>entre, no meio de<\/td>genitivo<\/td><\/tr>
\u043d\u0430\u0432\u043a\u043e\u0301\u043b\u043e<\/strong> [navkolo]<\/td>em volta de<\/td>genitivo<\/td><\/tr>
\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0301\u0442\u0438<\/strong> [proty]<\/td>contra<\/td>genitivo<\/td><\/tr>
\u0437\u0430\u0301\u043c\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044c<\/strong> [zamist]<\/td>em vez de<\/td>genitivo<\/td><\/tr>
\u043f\u0440\u043e<\/strong> [pro]<\/td>sobre, a respeito de<\/td>acusativo<\/td><\/tr>
\u0447\u0435\u0301\u0440\u0435\u0437<\/strong> [cherez]<\/td>atrav\u00e9s de, por<\/td>acusativo<\/td><\/tr>
\u043a\u0440\u0456\u0437\u044c<\/strong> [kriz]<\/td>atrav\u00e9s de<\/td>acusativo<\/td><\/tr>
\u043f\u0435\u0301\u0440\u0435\u0434<\/strong> [pered]<\/td>diante de, antes de<\/td>instrumental<\/td><\/tr>
\u043c\u0456\u0436<\/strong> [mizh]<\/td>entre<\/td>instrumental (mais raramente, genitivo); acusativo, com movimento<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Alguns exemplos:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0431\u0435\u0437 \u043d\u044c\u043e\u0433\u043e<\/strong> [bez noho]
sem ele<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0434\u043e \u0437\u0430\u0301\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u0441\u043e\u0301\u043d\u0446\u044f<\/strong> [do zakhodu sontsia]
at\u00e9 o p\u00f4r do sol<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u043f\u0456\u0301\u0441\u043b\u044f \u043e\u0431\u0456\u0301\u0434\u0443<\/strong> [pislia obidu]
depois do almo\u00e7o<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u043f\u0435\u0301\u0440\u0435\u0434 \u0440\u0430\u0301\u043d\u043a\u043e\u043c<\/strong> [pered rankom]
pouco antes do amanhecer<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Preposi\u00e7\u00f5es que mudam de sentido com o caso<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

V\u00e1rias preposi\u00e7\u00f5es muito usadas aceitam mais de um caso. Em geral, o caso distingue posi\u00e7\u00e3o (onde algo est\u00e1) de movimento (para onde algo vai):<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0423<\/strong> (u) \/ \u0432<\/strong> (v): com o locativo, indica onde algo est\u00e1 (“em, dentro de”). Com o acusativo, indica o movimento para dentro (“para”). J\u00e1 com o genitivo, indica posse:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0423 \u043c\u0435\u0301\u043d\u0435 \u0454 \u043f\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0301\u043d\u043d\u044f.<\/strong> [U mene ye pytannia]
Eu tenho uma pergunta.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u041d\u0430<\/strong> (na): com o locativo, indica posi\u00e7\u00e3o em cima de algo (“sobre, em”). Com o acusativo, indica o movimento para cima de algo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u041f\u0456\u0434<\/strong> (pid): com o instrumental, indica posi\u00e7\u00e3o; com o acusativo, movimento:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0440\u0435\u0301\u0447\u0456 \u043f\u0456\u0434 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0301\u043c<\/strong> [rechi pid stolom]
coisas debaixo da mesa<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u043b\u044f\u0433\u0442\u0438\u0301 \u043f\u0456\u0434 \u043b\u0456\u0301\u0436\u043a\u043e<\/strong> [liahty pid lizhko]
deitar-se debaixo da cama<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u041d\u0430\u0434<\/strong> (nad): com o instrumental, quer dizer “acima de”:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u041d\u0430\u0434 \u043d\u0430\u0301\u043c\u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0301\u043d\u0446\u0435.<\/strong> [Nad namy sontse]
O sol est\u00e1 acima de n\u00f3s.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0417\u0430<\/strong> (za): com o instrumental, quer dizer “atr\u00e1s de” (posi\u00e7\u00e3o). Com o acusativo, indica movimento para tr\u00e1s de algo ou para o outro lado. Com o genitivo, quer dizer “durante, na \u00e9poca de”.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0417<\/strong> (z): com o genitivo, quer dizer “de dentro de”, como em \u0437 \u043b\u0456\u0301\u0441\u0443<\/strong>, “da floresta”. Com o instrumental, quer dizer “com”, como em \u0437\u0456 \u043c\u043d\u043e\u044e<\/strong>, “comigo”.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u041f\u043e<\/strong> (po): com o locativo, quer dizer “por, ao longo de, sobre” uma superf\u00edcie. Com o acusativo, indica dire\u00e7\u00e3o:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u043f\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0301\u0432\u0443 \u0440\u0443\u0301\u043a\u0443<\/strong> [po pravu ruku]
\u00e0 direita<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u041f\u043e\u0301\u0437\u0430<\/strong> (poza): com o instrumental, quer dizer “fora de”. Com o acusativo, indica movimento para fora de algo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0414\u0435, \u043a\u0443\u0434\u0438 ou \u0437\u0432\u0456\u0301\u0434\u043a\u0438?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Para escolher o caso depois de uma preposi\u00e7\u00e3o de lugar, ajuda pensar na pergunta. Se a frase responde a \u0434\u0435? (de, “onde?”), fala de posi\u00e7\u00e3o. Se responde a \u043a\u0443\u0434\u0438\u0301? (kudy, “para onde?”), fala de movimento. J\u00e1 \u0437\u0432\u0456\u0301\u0434\u043a\u0438? (zvidky, “de onde?”) indica a origem:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pergunta<\/th>Sentido<\/th>Caso e preposi\u00e7\u00f5es<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
\u0434\u0435? [de]<\/td>onde?<\/td>locativo: \u0443, \u043d\u0430
instrumental: \u043f\u0456\u0434, \u043d\u0430\u0434, \u0437\u0430, \u043f\u0435\u0301\u0440\u0435\u0434, \u043c\u0456\u0436<\/td><\/tr>
\u043a\u0443\u0434\u0438\u0301? [kudy]<\/td>para onde?<\/td>acusativo: \u0443, \u043d\u0430, \u043f\u0456\u0434, \u0437\u0430, \u043c\u0456\u0436
genitivo: \u0434\u043e<\/td><\/tr>
\u0437\u0432\u0456\u0301\u0434\u043a\u0438? [zvidky]<\/td>de onde?<\/td>genitivo: \u0437, \u0432\u0456\u0434<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Por exemplo, a pergunta de posi\u00e7\u00e3o:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0414\u0435 \u0442\u0438 \u0442\u0435\u043f\u0435\u0301\u0440 \u043c\u0435\u0301\u0448\u043a\u0430\u0454\u0448?<\/strong> [De ty teper meshkaiesh]
Onde voc\u00ea mora agora?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

E a pergunta de origem:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0417\u0432\u0456\u0301\u0434\u043a\u0438 \u0432\u0438?<\/strong> [Zvidky vy]
De onde voc\u00eas s\u00e3o?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Para “casa”, o ucraniano tamb\u00e9m tem adv\u00e9rbios pr\u00f3prios, escritos numa palavra s\u00f3. \u0412\u0434\u043e\u0301\u043c\u0430 responde a \u0434\u0435?, e \u0434\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0301\u043c\u0443 responde a \u043a\u0443\u0434\u0438\u0301?:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0432\u0434\u043e\u0301\u043c\u0430, \u0434\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0301\u043c\u0443<\/strong> [vdoma, dodomu]
em casa, para casa<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0423 ou \u0432?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

As preposi\u00e7\u00f5es \u0443<\/strong> e \u0432<\/strong> t\u00eam o mesmo sentido. A escolha depende do som ao redor, para facilitar a pron\u00fancia (\u041f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0441, \u00a7 23).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Usa-se \u0443<\/strong> entre consoantes e, no come\u00e7o da frase, antes de consoante:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0423 \u043b\u0456\u0441\u0456 \u043f\u0430\u0445\u043b\u043e \u043a\u0432\u0456\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0438.<\/strong> [U lisi pakhlo kvitamy]
Na floresta havia cheiro de flores.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Usa-se \u0443<\/strong> tamb\u00e9m antes de \u0432<\/strong>, \u0444<\/strong> e de grupos como \u043b\u044c\u0432-, \u0437\u0432-, \u0441\u0432-:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u041d\u0435 \u043b\u0456\u0437\u044c \u0443 \u0432\u043e\u0434\u0443.<\/strong> [Ne liz u vodu]
N\u00e3o entre na \u00e1gua.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

J\u00e1 \u0432<\/strong> aparece entre vogais e, no come\u00e7o da frase, antes de vogal:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0412 \u043e\u0447\u0430\u0445 \u0434\u0456\u0432\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0438 \u0431\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0456\u043b\u0430 \u0441\u043b\u044c\u043e\u0437\u0430.<\/strong> [V ochakh divchyny brynila sloza]
Nos olhos da mo\u00e7a tremia uma l\u00e1grima.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tamb\u00e9m se usa \u0432<\/strong> depois de vogal, antes da maioria das consoantes:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u041f\u0456\u0448\u043b\u0430 \u0432 \u0441\u0430\u0434\u043e\u043a \u0432\u0438\u0448\u043d\u0435\u0432\u0438\u0439.<\/strong> [Pishla v sadok vyshnevyi]
Foi para o pomar de cerejeiras.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0417, \u0456\u0437, \u0437\u0456 ou \u0437\u043e?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

A preposi\u00e7\u00e3o \u0437<\/strong> tamb\u00e9m tem variantes para evitar grupos de consoantes dif\u00edceis de pronunciar (\u041f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0441, \u00a7 25):<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Usa-se \u0437<\/strong> antes de vogal e, no come\u00e7o da frase, antes da maioria das consoantes:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0417 \u043b\u0456\u0441\u0443 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u044f\u0433\u043b\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0445\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0434\u043e\u044e.<\/strong> [Z lisu potiahlo prokholodoiu]
Da floresta veio um frescor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Usa-se \u0456\u0437<\/strong> antes de \u0437, \u0441, \u0446, \u0436, \u0447, \u0448:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u041f\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043d\u044c \u0432\u0438\u0433\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043e \u0456\u0437 \u0437\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0442\u0430.<\/strong> [Persten vyhotovleno iz zolota]
O anel foi feito de ouro.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Usa-se \u0437\u0456<\/strong> antes de grupos de consoantes que come\u00e7am com \u0437, \u0441, \u0448, \u0449:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0417\u0456 \u0448\u043a\u043e\u043b\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u043c\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0430\u043d \u0432\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u0434\u0456\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0430.<\/strong> [Zi shkoly na maidan vyvalyla ditvora]
Da escola a crian\u00e7ada saiu em bando para a pra\u00e7a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Por fim, \u0437\u043e<\/strong> aparece com os numerais<\/a> \u0434\u0432\u0430 e \u0442\u0440\u0438 e com \u043c\u043d\u043e\u044e<\/strong>. Por exemplo: \u0437\u043e \u0434\u0432\u0456 \u0441\u043e\u0442\u043d\u0456<\/strong> (zo dvi sotni), “umas duzentas”; \u0437\u0456 \u043c\u043d\u043e\u044e<\/strong> ou \u0437\u043e \u043c\u043d\u043e\u044e<\/strong>, “comigo”.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Preposi\u00e7\u00f5es compostas<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Algumas preposi\u00e7\u00f5es t\u00eam mais de uma palavra e se escrevem separadas:<\/p>\n\n\n\n