{"id":653,"date":"2025-03-28T01:54:43","date_gmt":"2025-03-28T04:54:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/hridiomas.com\/aprender-ucraniano\/?p=653"},"modified":"2026-09-25T18:58:04","modified_gmt":"2026-09-25T21:58:04","slug":"o-ucraniano-tem-generos-como-o-espanhol-ou-frances","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/hridiomas.com\/aprender-ucraniano\/o-ucraniano-tem-generos-como-o-espanhol-ou-frances\/","title":{"rendered":"O ucraniano tem g\u00eaneros como o espanhol ou franc\u00eas?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Sim. Assim como no espanhol e no franc\u00eas, existe g\u00eanero em ucraniano, e com um a mais: al\u00e9m do masculino e do feminino, existe o neutro. <strong>\u0431\u0443\u0434\u0438\u0301\u043d\u043e\u043a<\/strong> (budynok), &#8220;casa&#8221; \u00e9 masculino, <strong>\u043a\u043d\u0438\u0301\u0433\u0430<\/strong> (knyha), &#8220;livro&#8221; \u00e9 feminino e <strong>\u0432\u0456\u043a\u043d\u043e\u0301<\/strong> (vikno), &#8220;janela&#8221; \u00e9 neutro. Repare que o g\u00eanero nem sempre coincide com o do portugu\u00eas: &#8220;livro&#8221; \u00e9 masculino em portugu\u00eas, mas <strong>\u043a\u043d\u0438\u0301\u0433\u0430<\/strong> \u00e9 feminino.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">O g\u00eanero muda a forma dos <a href=\"https:\/\/hridiomas.com\/aprender-ucraniano\/adjetivos-em-ucraniano\/\">adjetivos<\/a>, dos <a href=\"https:\/\/hridiomas.com\/aprender-ucraniano\/pronomes-em-ucraniano\/\">pronomes<\/a> e dos <a href=\"https:\/\/hridiomas.com\/aprender-ucraniano\/verbos-em-ucraniano\/\">verbos<\/a> no passado, que concordam com o substantivo. Como o ucraniano <a href=\"https:\/\/hridiomas.com\/aprender-ucraniano\/o-ucraniano-tem-artigos\/\">n\u00e3o tem artigos<\/a>, o g\u00eanero de uma palavra se reconhece principalmente pela termina\u00e7\u00e3o.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"h-como-reconhecer-o-genero\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Como reconhecer o g\u00eanero pela termina\u00e7\u00e3o<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><thead><tr><th>G\u00eanero<\/th><th>Termina\u00e7\u00e3o no singular<\/th><th>Exemplos<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>masculino<\/td><td>consoante ou -\u044c<\/td><td><strong>\u0441\u0442\u0456\u043b<\/strong> (stil), <strong>\u0448\u0430\u043c\u043f\u0443\u0301\u043d\u044c<\/strong> (shampun)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>feminino<\/td><td>-\u0430 ou -\u044f<\/td><td><strong>\u043b\u0430\u0301\u043c\u043f\u0430<\/strong> (lampa), <strong>\u043a\u0443\u0301\u0445\u043d\u044f<\/strong> (kukhnia)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>neutro<\/td><td>-\u043e, -\u0435 ou -\u044f<\/td><td><strong>\u043b\u0456\u0301\u0436\u043a\u043e<\/strong> (lizhko), <strong>\u0441\u0435\u0301\u0440\u0446\u0435<\/strong> (sertse), <strong>\u0436\u0438\u0442\u0442\u044f\u0301<\/strong> (zhyttia)<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"h-excecoes\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Exce\u00e7\u00f5es<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Palavras que se referem a homens s\u00e3o masculinas mesmo terminando em -\u043e ou -\u0430: <strong>\u0431\u0430\u0301\u0442\u044c\u043a\u043e<\/strong> (batko) (pai), <strong>\u0434\u044f\u0301\u0434\u044c\u043a\u043e<\/strong> (diadko) (tio), <strong>\u041c\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0301\u043b\u0430<\/strong> (Mykola) (nome masculino).<\/li>\n\n<li>Substantivos abstratos em -\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044c s\u00e3o femininos: <strong>\u0440\u0430\u0301\u0434\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044c<\/strong> (radist) (alegria).<\/li>\n\n<li>Palavras com consoante dobrada seguida de -\u044f s\u00e3o neutras. Muitas v\u00eam de verbos, como <strong>\u043a\u043e\u0445\u0430\u0301\u043d\u043d\u044f<\/strong> (kokhannia) (amor), de <strong>\u043a\u043e\u0445\u0430\u0301\u0442\u0438<\/strong> (amar), e <strong>\u0436\u0438\u0442\u0442\u044f\u0301<\/strong> (zhyttia) (vida).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Os filhotes de animais tamb\u00e9m s\u00e3o neutros. Em geral, eles terminam em -\u044f ou, depois de \u0436, \u0447, \u0448 e \u0449, em -\u0430:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u043a\u043e\u0448\u0435\u043d\u044f\u0301, \u0446\u0443\u0446\u0435\u043d\u044f\u0301, \u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f\u0301, \u043a\u0443\u0440\u0447\u0430\u0301<\/strong> [koshenia, tsutsenia, telia, kurcha]<br>gatinho, cachorrinho, bezerro, pintinho<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">J\u00e1 os nomes estrangeiros de animais que n\u00e3o mudam de forma, como \u043f\u043e\u0301\u043d\u0456 (poni) e \u043a\u0435\u043d\u0433\u0443\u0440\u0443\u0301 (kenhuru), costumam ser masculinos.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"h-quando-so-o-dicionario-resolve\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Quando s\u00f3 o dicion\u00e1rio resolve<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Palavras terminadas em -\u044c ou em \u0436, \u0447, \u0448 podem ser masculinas ou femininas, e a termina\u00e7\u00e3o n\u00e3o ajuda. <strong>\u0441\u0456\u043b\u044c<\/strong> (sil) (sal) e <strong>\u043f\u0456\u0447<\/strong> (pich) (forno) s\u00e3o femininas; <strong>\u0448\u0430\u043c\u043f\u0443\u0301\u043d\u044c<\/strong> (shampun) (xampu) e <strong>\u043d\u0456\u0436<\/strong> (nizh) (faca) s\u00e3o masculinas. Nesses casos, o jeito \u00e9 aprender o g\u00eanero junto com a palavra.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"h-pares-de-pessoas-e-animais\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Pares de pessoas e animais<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Para pessoas e animais, o masculino e o feminino costumam ser palavras diferentes ou ter termina\u00e7\u00f5es diferentes:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><thead><tr><th>Portugu\u00eas<\/th><th>Masculino<\/th><th>Feminino<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>homem, mulher<\/td><td>\u0447\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0456\u0301\u043a [cholovik]<\/td><td>\u0436\u0456\u0301\u043d\u043a\u0430 [zhinka]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>pai, m\u00e3e<\/td><td>\u0431\u0430\u0301\u0442\u044c\u043a\u043e [batko]<\/td><td>\u043c\u0430\u0301\u0442\u0438 [maty]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>irm\u00e3o, irm\u00e3<\/td><td>\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442 [brat]<\/td><td>\u0441\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0301 [sestra]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>tio, tia<\/td><td>\u0434\u044f\u0301\u0434\u044c\u043a\u043e [diadko]<\/td><td>\u0442\u0456\u0301\u0442\u043a\u0430 [titka]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>menino, menina<\/td><td>\u0445\u043b\u043e\u0301\u043f\u0447\u0438\u043a [khlopchyk]<\/td><td>\u0434\u0456\u0301\u0432\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0430 [divchyna]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>americano, americana<\/td><td>\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0301\u043d\u0435\u0446\u044c [amerykanets]<\/td><td>\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0301\u043d\u043a\u0430 [amerykanka]<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>touro, vaca<\/td><td>\u0431\u0438\u043a [byk]<\/td><td>\u043a\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0301\u0432\u0430 [korova]<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">O adjetivo e o verbo no passado acompanham o g\u00eanero: <strong>\u0432\u0456\u043d \u0449\u0430\u0441\u043b\u0438\u0301\u0432\u0438\u0439<\/strong> (vin shchaslyvyi), &#8220;ele est\u00e1 feliz&#8221;, <strong>\u0432\u043e\u043d\u0430 \u0449\u0430\u0441\u043b\u0438\u0301\u0432\u0430<\/strong> (vona shchaslyva), &#8220;ela est\u00e1 feliz&#8221;; <strong>\u0432\u0456\u043d \u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u0301\u0432<\/strong> (vin pysav), &#8220;ele escrevia&#8221;, <strong>\u0432\u043e\u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u0301\u043b\u0430<\/strong> (vona pysala), &#8220;ela escrevia&#8221;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"h-palavras-de-genero-comum\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Palavras de g\u00eanero comum<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Por outro lado, algumas palavras servem tanto para homens quanto para mulheres. Elas terminam em -\u0430 ou -\u044f. Nesse caso, o adjetivo e o verbo concordam com o sexo da pessoa. Por isso, esse grupo recebe o nome de g\u00eanero comum:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u0441\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0301<\/strong> [syrota]<br>\u00f3rf\u00e3o, \u00f3rf\u00e3<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u043d\u0435\u0432\u0434\u0430\u0301\u0445\u0430<\/strong> [nevdakha]<br>azarado, azarada<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u043d\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0442\u0435\u0301\u043f\u0430<\/strong> [nedotepa]<br>desajeitado, desajeitada<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"h-palavras-so-no-plural\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Palavras que s\u00f3 existem no plural<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Algumas palavras n\u00e3o t\u00eam singular, e por isso n\u00e3o t\u00eam g\u00eanero: <strong>\u043c\u0435\u0301\u0431\u043b\u0456<\/strong> (mebli) (m\u00f3veis), <strong>\u043d\u043e\u0301\u0436\u0438\u0446\u0456<\/strong> (nozhytsi) (tesoura) e <strong>\u0448\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0301<\/strong> (shtany) (cal\u00e7a). O adjetivo que as acompanha vai para o <a href=\"https:\/\/hridiomas.com\/aprender-ucraniano\/plural-em-ucraniano\/\">plural<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"h-objetos-da-casa\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Objetos da casa e seus g\u00eaneros<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Para praticar, veja o g\u00eanero de alguns objetos do dia a dia. Repare que &#8220;vestido&#8221; pode ser <strong>\u0441\u0443\u0301\u043a\u043d\u044f<\/strong> (feminino) ou <strong>\u043f\u043b\u0430\u0301\u0442\u0442\u044f<\/strong> (neutro):<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><thead><tr><th>Portugu\u00eas<\/th><th>Ucraniano<\/th><th>G\u00eanero<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>bloco de notas<\/td><td>\u0431\u043b\u043e\u043a\u043d\u043e\u0301\u0442 [bloknot]<\/td><td>masculino<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>cadeira<\/td><td>\u0441\u0442\u0456\u043b\u0435\u0301\u0446\u044c [stilets]<\/td><td>masculino<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>cal\u00e7ados<\/td><td>\u0432\u0437\u0443\u0442\u0442\u044f\u0301 [vzuttia]<\/td><td>neutro<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>cama<\/td><td>\u043b\u0456\u0301\u0436\u043a\u043e [lizhko]<\/td><td>neutro<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>camisa<\/td><td>\u0441\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0301\u0447\u043a\u0430 [sorochka]<\/td><td>feminino<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>caneta<\/td><td>\u0440\u0443\u0301\u0447\u043a\u0430 [ruchka]<\/td><td>feminino<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>carteira<\/td><td>\u0433\u0430\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0435\u0301\u0446\u044c [hamanets]<\/td><td>masculino<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>casa<\/td><td>\u0431\u0443\u0434\u0438\u0301\u043d\u043e\u043a [budynok]<\/td><td>masculino<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>casaco<\/td><td>\u043f\u0430\u043b\u044c\u0442\u043e\u0301 [palto]<\/td><td>neutro<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>chap\u00e9u<\/td><td>\u043a\u0430\u043f\u0435\u043b\u044e\u0301\u0445 [kapeliukh]<\/td><td>masculino<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>colher<\/td><td>\u043b\u043e\u0301\u0436\u043a\u0430 [lozhka]<\/td><td>feminino<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>cozinha<\/td><td>\u043a\u0443\u0301\u0445\u043d\u044f [kukhnia]<\/td><td>feminino<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>c\u00f4modo<\/td><td>\u043a\u0456\u043c\u043d\u0430\u0301\u0442\u0430 [kimnata]<\/td><td>feminino<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>faca<\/td><td>\u043d\u0456\u0436 [nizh]<\/td><td>masculino<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>garfo<\/td><td>\u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435\u0301\u043b\u043a\u0430 [vydelka]<\/td><td>feminino<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>geladeira<\/td><td>\u0445\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0301\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u043a [kholodylnyk]<\/td><td>masculino<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>guarda-chuva<\/td><td>\u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0441\u043e\u0301\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0430 [parasolka]<\/td><td>feminino<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>janela<\/td><td>\u0432\u0456\u043a\u043d\u043e\u0301 [vikno]<\/td><td>neutro<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>jaqueta<\/td><td>\u043a\u0443\u0301\u0440\u0442\u043a\u0430 [kurtka]<\/td><td>feminino<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>jornal<\/td><td>\u0433\u0430\u0437\u0435\u0301\u0442\u0430 [hazeta]<\/td><td>feminino<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>lumin\u00e1ria<\/td><td>\u043b\u0430\u0301\u043c\u043f\u0430 [lampa]<\/td><td>feminino<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>l\u00e1pis<\/td><td>\u043e\u043b\u0456\u0432\u0435\u0301\u0446\u044c [olivets]<\/td><td>masculino<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>mesa<\/td><td>\u0441\u0442\u0456\u043b [stil]<\/td><td>masculino<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>parede<\/td><td>\u0441\u0442\u0456\u043d\u0430\u0301 [stina]<\/td><td>feminino<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>piso<\/td><td>\u043f\u0456\u0434\u043b\u043e\u0301\u0433\u0430 [pidloha]<\/td><td>feminino<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>prato<\/td><td>\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0456\u0301\u043b\u043a\u0430 [tarilka]<\/td><td>feminino<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>quarto de dormir<\/td><td>\u0441\u043f\u0430\u0301\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044f [spalnia]<\/td><td>feminino<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>sabonete<\/td><td>\u043c\u0438\u0301\u043b\u043e [mylo]<\/td><td>neutro<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>tapete<\/td><td>\u043a\u0438\u0301\u043b\u0438\u043c [kylym]<\/td><td>masculino<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>telefone<\/td><td>\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0444\u043e\u0301\u043d [telefon]<\/td><td>masculino<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>telhado<\/td><td>\u0434\u0430\u0445 [dakh]<\/td><td>masculino<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>teto<\/td><td>\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0301\u043b\u044f [stelia]<\/td><td>feminino<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>tinta de escrever<\/td><td>\u0447\u043e\u0440\u043d\u0438\u0301\u043b\u043e [chornylo]<\/td><td>neutro<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>toalha<\/td><td>\u0440\u0443\u0448\u043d\u0438\u0301\u043a [rushnyk]<\/td><td>masculino<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>vestido<\/td><td>\u0441\u0443\u0301\u043a\u043d\u044f [suknia]<\/td><td>feminino<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>vestido<\/td><td>\u043f\u043b\u0430\u0301\u0442\u0442\u044f [plattia]<\/td><td>neutro<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>vidro<\/td><td>\u0441\u043a\u043b\u043e [sklo]<\/td><td>neutro<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>xampu<\/td><td>\u0448\u0430\u043c\u043f\u0443\u0301\u043d\u044c [shampun]<\/td><td>masculino<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>x\u00edcara<\/td><td>\u0447\u0430\u0301\u0448\u043a\u0430 [chashka]<\/td><td>feminino<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity is-style-dots\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Fontes: <a href=\"https:\/\/mylanguages.org\/ukrainian_feminine.php\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">MyLanguages<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ukrainian_grammar\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Wikipedia<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/\u0436\u0456\u043d\u043e\u0447\u0438\u0439\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Wiktionary<\/a> e <a href=\"https:\/\/slovnyk.ua\/index.php?swrd=%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u0421\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0438\u043a \u0443\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0457\u043d\u0441\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0457 \u043c\u043e\u0432\u0438<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Sim. Assim como no espanhol e no franc\u00eas, existe g\u00eanero em ucraniano, e com um a mais: al\u00e9m do masculino e do feminino, existe o neutro. \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0438\u0301\u043d\u043e\u043a (budynok), &#8220;casa&#8221; \u00e9 masculino, \u043a\u043d\u0438\u0301\u0433\u0430 (knyha), &#8220;livro&#8221; \u00e9 feminino e \u0432\u0456\u043a\u043d\u043e\u0301 (vikno), &#8220;janela&#8221; \u00e9 neutro. Repare que o g\u00eanero nem sempre coincide com o do portugu\u00eas: &#8220;livro&#8221; \u00e9<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[23],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-653","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","category-qa"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v28.1 (Yoast SEO v28.6) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>O ucraniano tem g\u00eaneros como o espanhol ou franc\u00eas? &#8226; Aprender Ucraniano<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Sim, existe g\u00eanero em ucraniano: masculino, feminino e neutro. 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