{"id":156,"date":"2022-08-22T11:28:24","date_gmt":"2022-08-22T14:28:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/hridiomas.com\/aprender-ucraniano\/?p=156"},"modified":"2026-09-25T15:09:02","modified_gmt":"2026-09-25T18:09:02","slug":"origem-da-palavra-ucrania","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/hridiomas.com\/aprender-ucraniano\/origem-da-palavra-ucrania\/","title":{"rendered":"Origem da palavra &#8220;Ucr\u00e2nia&#8221;"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Para entender a origem da palavra &#8220;Ucr\u00e2nia&#8221;, vale come\u00e7ar pelo pr\u00f3prio pa\u00eds. A Ucr\u00e2nia \u00e9 um pa\u00eds da Europa Oriental localizado ao norte do Mar Negro. \u00c9 o segundo maior pa\u00eds da Europa em \u00e1rea, depois da R\u00fassia, com quem faz fronteira a leste e a nordeste. Ao norte, faz fronteira com a Bielorr\u00fassia. A oeste, com a Pol\u00f4nia e a Eslov\u00e1quia, e a sudoeste, com a Hungria, a Rom\u00eania e a Mold\u00e1via. Ao sul e a sudeste, o Mar Negro e o Mar de Azov banham o pa\u00eds.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Abrange uma \u00e1rea de 603 628 km\u00b2. Antes da invas\u00e3o russa de 2022, tinha mais de 41 milh\u00f5es de habitantes e era o oitavo pa\u00eds mais populoso da Europa. J\u00e1 a estimativa para 2026 \u00e9 de 32,3 milh\u00f5es. Sua capital e maior cidade \u00e9 <a href=\"https:\/\/hridiomas.com\/aprender-ucraniano\/o-que-significa-a-palavra-kiev-e-kyiv\/\">Kyiv<\/a>. A Ucr\u00e2nia proclamou a independ\u00eancia em 24 de agosto de 1991, no mesmo ano em que a Uni\u00e3o Sovi\u00e9tica se dissolveu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Em ucraniano, o nome do pa\u00eds \u00e9 <em>\u0423\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0457\u0301\u043d\u0430<\/em> (Ukraina), escrito com a letra \u0457 do <a href=\"https:\/\/hridiomas.com\/aprender-ucraniano\/alfabeto-ucraniano\/\">alfabeto ucraniano<\/a>. Existe tamb\u00e9m a variante <em>\u0412\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0457\u0301\u043d\u0430<\/em> (Vkraina).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"h-etimologia\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Etimologia<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A primeira men\u00e7\u00e3o conhecida \u00e0 palavra aparece na Cr\u00f4nica de Kiev, no registro do ano 1187, preservado no C\u00f3dice Hipaciano (c. 1425). Era a \u00e9poca da <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kievan_Rus%27\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Rus&#8217; de Kiev<\/a>, o primeiro Estado eslavo oriental. Ela existiu do fim do s\u00e9culo IX a meados do s\u00e9culo XIII. O trecho narra a morte de Volodimer Glebovich, pr\u00edncipe de Pereiaslav:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u0461 \u043d\u0435\u043c \u0436\u0435 \u0478\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u043d\u0430.<\/strong> [\u014d nem zhe Ukraina mnogo postona]<br>A fronteira muito lamentou por ele.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nesse contexto, <em>Ukraina<\/em> designava o territ\u00f3rio do principado de Pereiaslav. Ele ficava entre o centro da Rus&#8217; de Kiev, no m\u00e9dio Dnieper, e a estepe p\u00f4ntico-c\u00e1spia. Depois disso, a palavra passou a significar &#8220;fronteira da estepe&#8221; em ucraniano, polon\u00eas e russo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">O significado exato da palavra, por\u00e9m, ainda gera debate. A raiz <em>\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0439<\/em> (krai) pode indicar tanto &#8220;limite, borda de uma \u00e1rea&#8221; quanto &#8220;\u00e1rea delimitada, terra, pa\u00eds&#8221;. As duas leituras formam um nome de lugar v\u00e1lido.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"h-formacao-da-palavra\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Forma\u00e7\u00e3o da palavra<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Quanto \u00e0 forma\u00e7\u00e3o, o nome vem da palavra <em>\u0479\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0438\u043d\u0430<\/em> (<em>\u0432\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0438\u043d\u0430<\/em>), formada pelo prefixo <em>\u0479-<\/em>\/<em>\u0432-<\/em> e pela raiz <em>\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0439<\/em> (krai). Com o tempo, o prefixo se fundiu \u00e0 raiz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A raiz remonta ao protoeslavo <em>*kraj\u044c<\/em>, &#8220;borda&#8221;, ligado ao verbo <em>*krojiti<\/em>, &#8220;cortar&#8221;. O sentido \u00e9 o de &#8220;divis\u00e3o&#8221;: tanto a linha que divide quanto a regi\u00e3o dividida. Na origem est\u00e1 a raiz indo-europeia <em>*krei<\/em>, &#8220;cortar&#8221;. No eslavo eclesi\u00e1stico antigo, <em>krai<\/em> aparece com os sentidos de &#8220;borda, fim, margem&#8221;. Nas l\u00ednguas eslavas modernas, <em>kraj<\/em> ou <em>krai<\/em> pode significar &#8220;borda&#8221;, &#8220;pa\u00eds&#8221;, &#8220;terra&#8221;, &#8220;regi\u00e3o&#8221; ou &#8220;margem&#8221;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"h-um-pouco-de-historia\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Um pouco de hist\u00f3ria<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">As l\u00ednguas eslavas orientais pertencem \u00e0 fam\u00edlia indo-europeia, divis\u00e3o balto-eslava. A esse grupo pertencem o russo, o bielorrusso e o <a href=\"https:\/\/hridiomas.com\/aprender-ucraniano\/o-que-voce-precisa-saber-sobre-a-lingua-ucraniana\/\">ucraniano<\/a>. Veja tamb\u00e9m <a href=\"https:\/\/hridiomas.com\/aprender-russo\/russo-bielorrusso-e-ucraniano-sao-realmente-linguas-diferentes\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">se as tr\u00eas s\u00e3o realmente l\u00ednguas diferentes<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Uma das culturas mais antigas do territ\u00f3rio foi a dos <a href=\"https:\/\/pt.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cultura_de_Cucuteni\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">tripilianos<\/a>, a cultura de Cucuteni-Trypillia (c. 5050 a 2950 a.C.). Na Idade do Ferro, a regi\u00e3o abrigou povos de l\u00edngua iraniana, como os <a href=\"https:\/\/pt.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Cim%C3%A9rios\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">cim\u00e9rios<\/a>, os <a href=\"https:\/\/pt.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Citas\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">citas<\/a> e os s\u00e1rmatas. O reino cita existiu ali de 750 a 250 a.C.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">No s\u00e9culo VI a.C., os gregos fundaram col\u00f4nias no litoral do Mar Negro, como Tiras e \u00d3lbia. Elas continuaram como cidades romanas e bizantinas at\u00e9 o s\u00e9culo VI d.C.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity is-style-dots\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Fontes: <a href=\"http:\/\/etimologias.dechile.net\/?Ucrania\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">Etimologias de Chile<\/a> e <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Name_of_Ukraine\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">Wikipedia<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Para entender a origem da palavra &#8220;Ucr\u00e2nia&#8221;, vale come\u00e7ar pelo pr\u00f3prio pa\u00eds. A Ucr\u00e2nia \u00e9 um pa\u00eds da Europa Oriental localizado ao norte do Mar Negro. \u00c9 o segundo maior pa\u00eds da Europa em \u00e1rea, depois da R\u00fassia, com quem faz fronteira a leste e a nordeste. Ao norte, faz fronteira com a Bielorr\u00fassia. A<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":204,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[15],"class_list":["post-156","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-curiosidades","tag-etimologia"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v28.1 (Yoast SEO v28.8) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Origem da palavra &quot;Ucr\u00e2nia&quot; &#8226; Aprender Ucraniano<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Conhe\u00e7a a origem da palavra Ucr\u00e2nia: a primeira men\u00e7\u00e3o, de 1187, a raiz \u043a\u0440\u0430\u0439, que significa borda ou terra, e um pouco da hist\u00f3ria do pa\u00eds.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/hridiomas.com\/aprender-ucraniano\/origem-da-palavra-ucrania\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"pt_BR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Origem da palavra &quot;Ucr\u00e2nia&quot; 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