{"id":1092,"date":"2026-10-04T22:48:07","date_gmt":"2026-10-05T01:48:07","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/hridiomas.com\/aprender-russo\/?p=1092"},"modified":"2026-10-04T22:48:08","modified_gmt":"2026-10-05T01:48:08","slug":"conjuncoes-em-russo","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/hridiomas.com\/aprender-russo\/conjuncoes-em-russo\/","title":{"rendered":"Conjun\u00e7\u00f5es (\u0441\u043e\u044e\u0437\u044b) em russo"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Conjun\u00e7\u00e3o em russo \u00e9 \u0441\u043e\u044e\u0437<\/strong> [say\u00fas], a mesma palavra de “uni\u00e3o”, como em \u0421\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0421\u043e\u044e\u0437<\/strong> (Uni\u00e3o Sovi\u00e9tica). As conjun\u00e7\u00f5es em russo n\u00e3o mudam de forma: n\u00e3o t\u00eam g\u00eanero, n\u00famero nem caso. Este artigo mostra as mais usadas, a diferen\u00e7a entre \u0438<\/strong>, \u0430<\/strong> e \u043d\u043e<\/strong>, que \u00e9 a que mais confunde quem fala portugu\u00eas, e as conjun\u00e7\u00f5es que introduzem uma ora\u00e7\u00e3o, como “que”, “porque”, “se” e “para que”.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0418, \u0430 e \u043d\u043e<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Em portugu\u00eas, “e” e “mas” resolvem quase tudo. O russo tem tr\u00eas palavras para isso: \u0438<\/strong> [i] soma, \u0430<\/strong> [a] contrasta ou compara, e \u043d\u043e<\/strong> [no] op\u00f5e, como o nosso “mas”.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u042f \u043b\u044e\u0431\u043b\u044e \u0447\u0430\u0439 \u0438 \u043a\u043e\u0444\u0435<\/strong> [ya lyubly\u00fa chay i k\u00f3fye]
Eu gosto de ch\u00e1 e de caf\u00e9<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u041e\u043d\u0438 \u0443\u0435\u0445\u0430\u043b\u0438, \u0438 \u043c\u044b \u0443\u0435\u0437\u0436\u0430\u0435\u043c<\/strong> [an\u00ed uy\u00e9khali, i my uyizhzh\u00e1yim]
Eles foram embora, e n\u00f3s tamb\u00e9m estamos indo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u041e\u043d\u0438 \u0443\u0436\u0435 \u0443\u0435\u0445\u0430\u043b\u0438, \u0430 \u043c\u044b \u0435\u0449\u0451 \u043d\u0435\u0442<\/strong> [an\u00ed uzh\u00e9 uy\u00e9khali, a my yishch\u00f3 nyet]
Eles j\u00e1 foram embora, e n\u00f3s ainda n\u00e3o<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u041e\u043d\u0438 \u0443\u0435\u0445\u0430\u043b\u0438, \u043d\u043e \u043d\u0435\u043d\u0430\u0434\u043e\u043b\u0433\u043e<\/strong> [an\u00ed uy\u00e9khali, no ninad\u00f3lga]
Eles foram embora, mas por pouco tempo<\/p>\n\n\n\n

O \u0430<\/strong> \u00e9 o “e” de compara\u00e7\u00e3o, quando as duas partes da frase s\u00e3o diferentes, mas n\u00e3o se op\u00f5em. Tamb\u00e9m \u00e9 comum no come\u00e7o de perguntas curtas:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u042f \u0441\u0442\u0443\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442, \u0430 \u043e\u043d \u0432\u0440\u0430\u0447<\/strong> [ya study\u00e9nt, a on vrach]
Eu sou estudante, e ele \u00e9 m\u00e9dico<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0410 \u0442\u044b?<\/strong> [a ty]
E voc\u00ea?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ou: \u0438\u043b\u0438 e \u043b\u0438\u0431\u043e<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u0427\u0430\u0439 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u0444\u0435?<\/strong> [chay \u00edli k\u00f3fye]
Ch\u00e1 ou caf\u00e9?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0418\u043b\u0438 \u0441\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044f, \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0442\u0440\u0430<\/strong> [\u00edli siv\u00f3dnya, \u00edli z\u00e1ftra]
Ou hoje, ou amanh\u00e3<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u041b\u0438\u0431\u043e<\/strong> [l\u00edba] tamb\u00e9m quer dizer “ou” e aparece repetido, como \u043b\u0438\u0431\u043e\u2026 \u043b\u0438\u0431\u043e<\/strong>, “ou\u2026 ou”.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Outras conjun\u00e7\u00f5es que ligam duas ideias<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u0418\u2026 \u0438<\/strong> quer dizer “tanto\u2026 quanto”, e \u043d\u0438\u2026 \u043d\u0438<\/strong>, “nem\u2026 nem”, que aparece no artigo sobre a nega\u00e7\u00e3o em russo<\/a>. \u041e\u0434\u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e<\/strong> [adn\u00e1ka] \u00e9 “no entanto”, e \u0437\u0430\u0442\u043e<\/strong> [zat\u00f3] \u00e9 “em compensa\u00e7\u00e3o”, para apresentar algo bom depois de algo ruim:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0414\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0433\u043e, \u0437\u0430\u0442\u043e \u0432\u043a\u0443\u0441\u043d\u043e<\/strong> [d\u00f3raga, zat\u00f3 fk\u00fasna]
\u00c9 caro, mas em compensa\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e9 gostoso<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Conjun\u00e7\u00f5es que introduzem uma ora\u00e7\u00e3o<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Estas conjun\u00e7\u00f5es ligam uma ora\u00e7\u00e3o principal a outra que depende dela. Em russo, toda ora\u00e7\u00e3o desse tipo \u00e9 separada por v\u00edrgula, por isso a v\u00edrgula aparece antes de \u0447\u0442\u043e<\/strong>, \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0447\u0442\u043e<\/strong>, \u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438<\/strong> e das outras:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Portugu\u00eas<\/th>Russo<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
que<\/td>\u0447\u0442\u043e [shto]<\/td><\/tr>
porque<\/td>\u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0447\u0442\u043e [patam\u00fa shta]<\/td><\/tr>
j\u00e1 que, como<\/td>\u0442\u0430\u043a \u043a\u0430\u043a [tak kak]<\/td><\/tr>
se (condi\u00e7\u00e3o)<\/td>\u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438 [y\u00e9sli]<\/td><\/tr>
quando<\/td>\u043a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 [kagd\u00e1]<\/td><\/tr>
embora<\/td>\u0445\u043e\u0442\u044f [khaty\u00e1]<\/td><\/tr>
para, para que<\/td>\u0447\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b [sht\u00f3by]<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u042f \u0434\u0443\u043c\u0430\u044e, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043e\u043d \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432<\/strong> [ya d\u00famayu, shto on praf]
Acho que ele tem raz\u00e3o<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u042f \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0448\u0451\u043b, \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u043b<\/strong> [ya ni prish\u00f3l, patam\u00fa shta baly\u00e9l]
N\u00e3o vim porque estava doente<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u0434\u043e\u0436\u0434\u044c, \u043c\u044b \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0435\u043c\u0441\u044f \u0434\u043e\u043c\u0430<\/strong> [y\u00e9sli b\u00fadit dosht’, my ast\u00e1nimsya d\u00f3ma]
Se chover, vamos ficar em casa<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u041f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043d\u0438 \u043c\u043d\u0435, \u043a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0435\u0434\u0435\u0448\u044c<\/strong> [pazvan\u00ed mnye, kagd\u00e1 priy\u00e9dish]
Me liga quando chegar<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0425\u043e\u0442\u044f \u0431\u044b\u043b\u043e \u0445\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e, \u043c\u044b \u0433\u0443\u043b\u044f\u043b\u0438<\/strong> [khaty\u00e1 b\u00fdla kh\u00f3ladna, my guly\u00e1li]
Embora estivesse frio, fomos passear<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Repare que “porque” \u00e9 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0447\u0442\u043e<\/strong>, e “por isso” \u00e9 \u043f\u043e\u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443<\/strong> [pa\u00e9tamu]:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u042f \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u043b, \u043f\u043e\u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0448\u0451\u043b<\/strong> [ya baly\u00e9l, pa\u00e9tamu ni prish\u00f3l]
Eu estava doente, por isso n\u00e3o vim<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dois sentidos de “se”: \u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438 e \u043b\u0438<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438<\/strong> s\u00f3 \u00e9 usado para condi\u00e7\u00e3o. Quando “se” introduz uma d\u00favida, como em “n\u00e3o sei se”, usa-se a part\u00edcula \u043b\u0438<\/strong> depois da palavra principal, como nas perguntas em russo<\/a>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u042f \u043d\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u044e, \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0434\u0451\u0442 \u043b\u0438 \u043e\u043d<\/strong> [ya ni zn\u00e1yu, pridy\u00f3t li on]
N\u00e3o sei se ele vem<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0427\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b: “para” e “para que”<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Quando as duas ora\u00e7\u00f5es t\u00eam o mesmo sujeito, \u0447\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b<\/strong> vem com o infinitivo, como o nosso “para”:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u042f \u0443\u0447\u0443 \u0440\u0443\u0441\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439, \u0447\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0422\u043e\u043b\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e<\/strong> [ya uch\u00fa r\u00faskiy, sht\u00f3by chit\u00e1t’ talst\u00f3va]
Estudo russo para ler Tolst\u00f3i<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Quando o sujeito muda, como em “para que voc\u00ea\u2026” ou “quero que voc\u00ea\u2026”, o verbo depois de \u0447\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b<\/strong> vai para o passado. \u00c9 a forma que o russo usa no lugar do nosso subjuntivo:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u042f \u0445\u043e\u0447\u0443, \u0447\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u0442\u044b \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0448\u0451\u043b<\/strong> [ya khach\u00fa, sht\u00f3by ty prish\u00f3l]
Quero que voc\u00ea venha<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Para continuar, veja os adv\u00e9rbios em russo<\/a> e as preposi\u00e7\u00f5es em russo<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n\n

Fontes: Wikipedia, em ingl\u00eas (Russian grammar<\/a> e Russian orthography<\/a>), e Wiktionary (\u0430<\/a>, \u0447\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b<\/a> e \u0441\u043e\u044e\u0437<\/a>)<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Conjun\u00e7\u00e3o em russo \u00e9 \u0441\u043e\u044e\u0437 [say\u00fas], a mesma palavra de “uni\u00e3o”, como em \u0421\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0421\u043e\u044e\u0437 (Uni\u00e3o Sovi\u00e9tica). As conjun\u00e7\u00f5es em russo n\u00e3o mudam de forma: n\u00e3o t\u00eam g\u00eanero, n\u00famero nem caso. Este artigo mostra as mais usadas, a diferen\u00e7a entre \u0438, \u0430 e \u043d\u043e, que \u00e9 a que mais confunde quem fala portugu\u00eas, e as<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1108,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[23],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1092","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-gramatica"],"yoast_head":"\nConjun\u00e7\u00f5es (\u0441\u043e\u044e\u0437\u044b) em russo • Aprender Russo<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Conjun\u00e7\u00f5es em russo: a diferen\u00e7a entre \u0438, \u0430 e \u043d\u043e, como dizer ou, porque, se, quando e embora, e como usar \u0447\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b no lugar do subjuntivo.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" 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