{"id":261,"date":"2025-01-15T18:13:31","date_gmt":"2025-01-15T21:13:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/hridiomas.com\/aprender-mandarim\/?p=261"},"modified":"2025-03-24T12:43:11","modified_gmt":"2025-03-24T15:43:11","slug":"uso-do-verbo-you-ter-em-mandarim","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/hridiomas.com\/aprender-mandarim\/uso-do-verbo-you-ter-em-mandarim\/","title":{"rendered":"Uso do verbo \u6709 (y\u01d2u) “ter” em mandarim"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

\u6709<\/strong> (y\u01d2u) \u00e9 um dos verbos mais importantes do mandarim, fundamental para expressar conceitos de posse, exist\u00eancia e quantidade. \u00c9 amplamente utilizado em diversas constru\u00e7\u00f5es, tanto para indicar que algu\u00e9m possui algo quanto para afirmar a presen\u00e7a ou exist\u00eancia de algo em um determinado lugar, ou contexto.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Uso para indicar posse<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Quando usado para indicar que algu\u00e9m possui algo, a estrutura b\u00e1sica da frase \u00e9: Sujeito + \u6709<\/strong> (y\u01d2u) + Objeto.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6211\u6709\u4e00\u672c\u4e66<\/strong> (W\u01d2 y\u01d2u y\u012b b\u011bn sh\u016b)
Eu tenho um livro.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4ed6\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f1f\u5f1f<\/strong> (T\u0101 y\u01d2u y\u012b g\u00e8 d\u00ecdi)
Ele tem um irm\u00e3o mais novo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6211\u6709\u4e09\u8f86\u8f66<\/strong> (W\u01d2 y\u01d2u s\u0101n li\u00e0ng ch\u0113)
Eu tenho tr\u00eas carros.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4ed6\u4eec\u6709\u4e00\u680b\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u623f\u5b50<\/strong> (T\u0101men y\u01d2u y\u012b d\u00f2ng h\u011bn d\u00e0 de f\u00e1ngzi)
Eles t\u00eam uma casa muito grande.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Uso para indicar exist\u00eancia<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u6709<\/strong> (y\u01d2u) tamb\u00e9m pode ser usado para dizer que algo ou algu\u00e9m est\u00e1 presente, ou existe em um determinado local.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6211\u7684\u5bb6\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u4eba<\/strong> (W\u01d2 de ji\u0101 y\u01d2u h\u011bn du\u014d r\u00e9n)
H\u00e1 muitas pessoas na minha fam\u00edlia.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5b66\u6821\u91cc\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u5b66\u751f<\/strong> (Xu\u00e9xi\u00e0o l\u01d0 y\u01d2u h\u011bn du\u014d xu\u00e9sh\u0113ng)
H\u00e1 muitos estudantes na escola.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u684c\u5b50\u4e0a\u6709\u4e00\u672c\u4e66<\/strong> (Zhu\u014dzi sh\u00e0ng y\u01d2u y\u012b b\u011bn sh\u016b)
H\u00e1 um livro sobre a mesa.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u516c\u56ed\u91cc\u6709\u4e00\u53ea\u72d7<\/strong> (G\u014dngyu\u00e1n l\u01d0 y\u01d2u y\u012b zh\u012b g\u01d2u)
H\u00e1 um cachorro no parque.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Forma negativa \u2013 \u6ca1\u6709 (m\u00e9iy\u01d2u)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Para negar o verbo \u6709<\/strong> (y\u01d2u), usa-se \u6ca1\u6709 <\/strong>(m\u00e9iy\u01d2u), que significa “n\u00e3o tem” ou “n\u00e3o h\u00e1”. A estrutura \u00e9: Sujeito + \u6ca1\u6709<\/strong> (m\u00e9iy\u01d2u) + Objeto.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6211\u6ca1\u6709\u8f66 <\/strong>(W\u01d2 m\u00e9iy\u01d2u ch\u0113)
Eu n\u00e3o tenho um carro.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u8fd9\u91cc\u6ca1\u6709\u4eba<\/strong> (Zh\u00e8 l\u01d0 m\u00e9iy\u01d2u r\u00e9n)
N\u00e3o h\u00e1 ningu\u00e9m aqui.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

A nega\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e9 formada com \u6ca1\u6709 <\/strong>(m\u00e9iy\u01d2u) em vez de apenas \u4e0d<\/strong> (b\u00f9) pois este \u00e9 usado para negar verbos no presente\/futuro, como em \u6211\u4e0d\u53bb<\/strong> (W\u01d2 b\u00f9 q\u00f9): Eu n\u00e3o vou.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

J\u00e1 \u6ca1\u6709<\/strong> (m\u00e9iy\u01d2u) \u00e9 usado para negar posse ou exist\u00eancia:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6211\u6ca1\u6709\u94b1 <\/strong>(W\u01d2 m\u00e9iy\u01d2u qi\u00e1n)
Eu n\u00e3o tenho dinheiro.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Perguntas com \u6709 (y\u01d2u)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Para fazer perguntas de “sim\/n\u00e3o” com \u6709<\/strong> (y\u01d2u), basta adicionar \u5417<\/strong> (ma) no final da frase.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f60\u6709\u5144\u5f1f\u59d0\u59b9\u5417\uff1f<\/strong>(N\u01d0 y\u01d2u xi\u014dngd\u00ec ji\u011bm\u00e8i ma?)
Voc\u00ea tem irm\u00e3os?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f60\u6709\u624b\u673a\u5417\uff1f<\/strong>(N\u01d0 y\u01d2u sh\u01d2uj\u012b ma?)
Voc\u00ea tem um celular?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5bb6\u91cc\u6709\u8336\u5417\uff1f<\/strong>(Ji\u0101 l\u01d0 y\u01d2u ch\u00e1 ma?)
H\u00e1 ch\u00e1 em casa?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4ed6\u6709\u670b\u53cb\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u5417\uff1f<\/strong>(T\u0101 y\u01d2u p\u00e9ngy\u01d2u z\u00e0i Zh\u014dnggu\u00f3 ma?):
Ele tem amigos na China?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Como usar \u6709 (y\u01d2u) no passado<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Observe que, ao contr\u00e1rio de l\u00ednguas como o portugu\u00eas ou o ingl\u00eas, a l\u00edngua mandarim n\u00e3o flexiona os verbos para indicar o tempo. Portanto, \u6709<\/strong> (y\u01d2u) n\u00e3o possui uma forma conjugada para expressar o passado. Em vez disso, para indicar que algo aconteceu no passado, o mandarim utiliza palavras adicionais que funcionam como marcadores temporais, como \u6628\u5929 <\/strong>(zu\u00f3ti\u0101n) (“ontem”) ou \u4ee5\u524d <\/strong>(y\u01d0qi\u00e1n) (“antes”).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Quando se fala sobre posse ou exist\u00eancia no passado, \u6709<\/strong> (y\u01d2u) \u00e9 empregado de forma semelhante ao presente, mas com o acr\u00e9scimo de um marcador de tempo ou de um verbo auxiliar que ajuda a contextualizar a a\u00e7\u00e3o no passado. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

A estrutura b\u00e1sica, portanto, \u00e9 a combina\u00e7\u00e3o de \u6709<\/strong> (y\u01d2u) com um marcador de tempo, para indicar que a a\u00e7\u00e3o ou o estado ocorreu anteriormente.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6211\u6628\u5929\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u5de5\u4f5c<\/strong> (W\u01d2 zu\u00f3ti\u0101n y\u01d2u h\u011bn du\u014d g\u014dngzu\u00f2)
Eu tive muito trabalho ontem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

A tradu\u00e7\u00e3o literal seria “eu ontem tenho muito trabalho”. Este exemplo usa \u6628\u5929 <\/strong>(zu\u00f3ti\u0101n), que significa “ontem”. A frase indica que, no passado, voc\u00ea tinha muito trabalho. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u623f\u95f4\u91cc\u4ee5\u524d\u6709\u4e00\u5f20\u684c\u5b50<\/strong> (F\u00e1ngji\u0101n l\u01d0 y\u01d0qi\u00e1n y\u01d2u y\u012b zh\u0101ng zhu\u014dzi)
Havia uma mesa no quarto antes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Neste caso, \u4ee5\u524d <\/strong>(y\u01d0qi\u00e1n) significa “antes”. A frase fala sobre algo que existia no passado, mas que provavelmente n\u00e3o existe mais. \u6709<\/strong> (y\u01d2u) neste contexto indica que a mesa existia no passado, no quarto.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Embora o verbo \u6709<\/strong> (y\u01d2u) n\u00e3o tenha uma forma flexionada para o passado (como ocorre em outras l\u00ednguas), o contexto temporal \u00e9 crucial para indicar que a a\u00e7\u00e3o se passou no passado. Usar palavras como \u6628\u5929 <\/strong>(zu\u00f3ti\u0101n) (ontem) ou \u4ee5\u524d <\/strong>(y\u01d0qi\u00e1n) (antes) ajuda a contextualizar o tempo de forma clara.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Uso de \u6709 (y\u01d2u) em express\u00f5es<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Em mandarim, \u6709<\/strong> (y\u01d2u) aparece em v\u00e1rias express\u00f5es idiom\u00e1ticas e frases fixas que s\u00e3o comumente usadas no dia a dia.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6709\u610f\u601d<\/strong> (y\u01d2u y\u00ecsi) – Significa “interessante” ou “divertido”. \u00c9 uma express\u00e3o usada para descrever algo que chama a aten\u00e7\u00e3o de forma positiva.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7535\u5f71\u5f88\u6709\u610f\u601d <\/strong>(Zh\u00e8 ge di\u00e0ny\u01d0ng h\u011bn y\u01d2u y\u00ecsi)
Este filme \u00e9 muito interessante.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6709\u65f6\u95f4<\/strong> (y\u01d2u sh\u00edji\u0101n)
Ter tempo \/ estar dispon\u00edvel<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6709\u94b1<\/strong> (y\u01d2u qi\u00e1n)
Ter dinheiro \/ ser rico<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6709\u529e\u6cd5<\/strong> (y\u01d2u b\u00e0nf\u01ce)
Ter uma solu\u00e7\u00e3o<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u6709 (y\u01d2u) \u00e9 um dos verbos mais importantes do mandarim, fundamental para expressar conceitos de posse, exist\u00eancia e quantidade. \u00c9 amplamente utilizado em diversas constru\u00e7\u00f5es, tanto para indicar que algu\u00e9m possui algo quanto para afirmar a presen\u00e7a ou exist\u00eancia de algo em um determinado lugar, ou contexto. Uso para indicar posse Quando usado para indicar<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":271,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7],"tags":[8],"class_list":{"0":"post-261","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-gramatica","8":"tag-verbos"},"yoast_head":"\nUso do verbo \u6709 (y\u01d2u) "ter" em mandarim • Aprender Mandarim<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u6709 (y\u01d2u) \u00e9 um dos verbos mais importantes do mandarim, fundamental para expressar conceitos de posse, exist\u00eancia e quantidade.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/hridiomas.com\/aprender-mandarim\/uso-do-verbo-you-ter-em-mandarim\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"pt_BR\" \/>\n<meta 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