{"id":278,"date":"2026-09-24T12:21:01","date_gmt":"2026-09-24T15:21:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/hridiomas.com\/aprender-finlandes\/?p=278"},"modified":"2026-09-24T12:21:01","modified_gmt":"2026-09-24T15:21:01","slug":"verbos-em-finlandes-passado","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/hridiomas.com\/aprender-finlandes\/verbos-em-finlandes-passado\/","title":{"rendered":"Verbos (verbit) em finland\u00eas: passado, condicional e imperativo"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Este \u00e9 o segundo artigo sobre verbos finlandeses. O primeiro<\/a> mostra o presente e os seis tipos de verbo. Aqui est\u00e3o o passado em finland\u00eas, os tempos compostos, o condicional, o imperativo e o passivo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

O passado<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

O passado simples (imperfeito) \u00e9 marcado por um -i-<\/em> entre o radical e a termina\u00e7\u00e3o pessoal. As termina\u00e7\u00f5es s\u00e3o as mesmas do presente, mas na 3\u00aa pessoa do singular a vogal n\u00e3o se alonga:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Presente<\/th>Passado<\/th>Portugu\u00eas<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
puhun<\/em><\/td>puhuin<\/em><\/td>eu falei<\/td><\/tr>
puhut<\/em><\/td>puhuit<\/em><\/td>tu falaste, voc\u00ea falou<\/td><\/tr>
puhuu<\/em><\/td>puhui<\/em><\/td>ele\/ela falou<\/td><\/tr>
puhumme<\/em><\/td>puhuimme<\/em><\/td>n\u00f3s falamos<\/td><\/tr>
puhutte<\/em><\/td>puhuitte<\/em><\/td>v\u00f3s falastes, voc\u00eas falaram<\/td><\/tr>
puhuvat<\/em><\/td>puhuivat<\/em><\/td>eles\/elas falaram<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Mudan\u00e7as no radical<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

O -i-<\/em> do passado muitas vezes muda o fim do radical. Os casos mais comuns:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Infinitivo<\/th>Presente<\/th>Passado<\/th>O que muda<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
antaa<\/em> (dar)<\/td>annan<\/em><\/td>annoin<\/em>, antoi<\/em><\/td>o a<\/em> vira o<\/em><\/td><\/tr>
rakastaa<\/em> (amar)<\/td>rakastan<\/em><\/td>rakastin<\/em><\/td>o a<\/em> cai<\/td><\/tr>
juoda<\/em> (beber)<\/td>juon<\/em><\/td>join<\/em><\/td>a primeira vogal de uo<\/em> cai<\/td><\/tr>
sy\u00f6d\u00e4<\/em> (comer)<\/td>sy\u00f6n<\/em><\/td>s\u00f6in<\/em><\/td>a primeira vogal de y\u00f6<\/em> cai<\/td><\/tr>
tiet\u00e4\u00e4<\/em> (saber)<\/td>tied\u00e4n<\/em><\/td>tiesin<\/em><\/td>t<\/em> vira s<\/em><\/td><\/tr>
ymm\u00e4rt\u00e4\u00e4<\/em> (entender)<\/td>ymm\u00e4rr\u00e4n<\/em><\/td>ymm\u00e4rsin<\/em><\/td>t<\/em> vira s<\/em><\/td><\/tr>
haluta<\/em> (querer)<\/td>haluan<\/em><\/td>halusin<\/em><\/td>tipo IV: -si-<\/em><\/td><\/tr>
tarvita<\/em> (precisar)<\/td>tarvitsen<\/em><\/td>tarvitsin<\/em><\/td>tipo V: -se-<\/em> vira -si-<\/em><\/td><\/tr>
tulla<\/em> (vir)<\/td>tulen<\/em><\/td>tulin<\/em><\/td>tipo III: e<\/em> vira i<\/em><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Nos verbos cujo radical j\u00e1 termina em i<\/em>, como voida<\/em> (poder), o passado \u00e9 igual ao presente: voin<\/em> quer dizer “posso” ou “pude”, conforme o contexto.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Infinitivo<\/th>Eu\u2026<\/th>Ele\/Ela\u2026<\/th>N\u00f3s\u2026<\/th>Portugu\u00eas<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
puhua<\/em><\/td>puhuin<\/em><\/td>puhui<\/em><\/td>puhuimme<\/em><\/td>falei, falou, falamos<\/td><\/tr>
kirjoittaa<\/em><\/td>kirjoitin<\/em><\/td>kirjoitti<\/em><\/td>kirjoitimme<\/em><\/td>escrevi, escreveu, escrevemos<\/td><\/tr>
ajaa<\/em><\/td>ajoin<\/em><\/td>ajoi<\/em><\/td>ajoimme<\/em><\/td>dirigi, dirigiu, dirigimos<\/td><\/tr>
rakastaa<\/em><\/td>rakastin<\/em><\/td>rakasti<\/em><\/td>rakastimme<\/em><\/td>amei, amou, amamos<\/td><\/tr>
antaa<\/em><\/td>annoin<\/em><\/td>antoi<\/em><\/td>annoimme<\/em><\/td>dei, deu, demos<\/td><\/tr>
hymyill\u00e4<\/em><\/td>hymyilin<\/em><\/td>hymyili<\/em><\/td>hymyilimme<\/em><\/td>sorri, sorriu, sorrimos<\/td><\/tr>
ottaa<\/em><\/td>otin<\/em><\/td>otti<\/em><\/td>otimme<\/em><\/td>peguei, pegou, pegamos<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Algumas frases no passado:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Finland\u00eas<\/th>Portugu\u00eas<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
H\u00e4n osti sen eilen.<\/em><\/td>Ele\/Ela comprou isso ontem.<\/td><\/tr>
Teimme sen eilen.<\/em><\/td>N\u00f3s fizemos isso ontem.<\/td><\/tr>
L\u00e4hetin sen eilen.<\/em><\/td>Eu enviei isso ontem.<\/td><\/tr>
H\u00e4n oppi sen.<\/em><\/td>Ele\/Ela aprendeu isso.<\/td><\/tr>
H\u00e4n unohti minut.<\/em><\/td>Ele\/Ela se esqueceu de mim.<\/td><\/tr>
Kutsuimme heid\u00e4t.<\/em><\/td>N\u00f3s os\/as convidamos.<\/td><\/tr>
He tapasivat h\u00e4net.<\/em><\/td>Eles\/Elas o\/a encontraram.<\/td><\/tr>
Saimme sen.<\/em><\/td>N\u00f3s recebemos isso.<\/td><\/tr>
Nautimme siit\u00e4.<\/em><\/td>N\u00f3s aproveitamos isso.<\/td><\/tr>
H\u00e4n kiitti h\u00e4nt\u00e4.<\/em><\/td>Ele\/Ela agradeceu a ele\/ela.<\/td><\/tr>
He istuivat siell\u00e4.<\/em><\/td>Eles\/Elas se sentaram l\u00e1.<\/td><\/tr>
Katsoin sen.<\/em><\/td>Eu assisti isso.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Perfeito e mais-que-perfeito<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Os tempos compostos usam o verbo olla<\/em> (ser, estar) e o partic\u00edpio passado, que termina em -nut<\/em>\/-nyt<\/em> no singular e em -neet<\/em> no plural. No perfeito, olla<\/em> fica no presente; no mais-que-perfeito, no passado:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pessoa<\/th>Perfeito<\/th>Mais-que-perfeito<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
eu<\/td>olen puhunut<\/em><\/td>olin puhunut<\/em><\/td><\/tr>
ele\/ela<\/td>on puhunut<\/em><\/td>oli puhunut<\/em><\/td><\/tr>
n\u00f3s<\/td>olemme puhuneet<\/em><\/td>olimme puhuneet<\/em><\/td><\/tr>
eles\/elas<\/td>ovat puhuneet<\/em><\/td>olivat puhuneet<\/em><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

O perfeito corresponde ao “tenho falado” ou ao “j\u00e1 falei” do portugu\u00eas. O mais-que-perfeito corresponde ao “tinha falado”.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Condicional<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

No condicional, entra -isi-<\/em> entre o radical e a termina\u00e7\u00e3o. Ele corresponde ao futuro do pret\u00e9rito do portugu\u00eas (“falaria”):<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pessoa<\/th>Finland\u00eas<\/th>Portugu\u00eas<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
eu<\/td>puhuisin<\/em><\/td>eu falaria<\/td><\/tr>
tu, voc\u00ea<\/td>puhuisit<\/em><\/td>tu falarias, voc\u00ea falaria<\/td><\/tr>
ele\/ela<\/td>puhuisi<\/em><\/td>ele\/ela falaria<\/td><\/tr>
n\u00f3s<\/td>puhuisimme<\/em><\/td>n\u00f3s falar\u00edamos<\/td><\/tr>
v\u00f3s, voc\u00eas<\/td>puhuisitte<\/em><\/td>v\u00f3s falar\u00edeis, voc\u00eas falariam<\/td><\/tr>
eles\/elas<\/td>puhuisivat<\/em><\/td>eles\/elas falariam<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

O condicional tamb\u00e9m serve para pedidos e ofertas educados:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Haluaisitko lis\u00e4\u00e4?
<\/strong>Voc\u00ea gostaria de mais um pouco?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Com olla<\/em>, forma-se o condicional composto: olisin puhunut<\/em> (eu teria falado).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Imperativo<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

O imperativo para uma pessoa \u00e9 igual ao radical do presente, sem termina\u00e7\u00e3o. Para v\u00e1rias pessoas, acrescenta-se -kaa<\/em>\/-k\u00e4\u00e4<\/em>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Infinitivo<\/th>Para uma pessoa<\/th>Para v\u00e1rias pessoas<\/th>Portugu\u00eas<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
puhua<\/em><\/td>puhu!<\/em><\/td>puhukaa!<\/em><\/td>fale!, falem!<\/td><\/tr>
tulla<\/em><\/td>tule!<\/em><\/td>tulkaa!<\/em><\/td>venha!, venham!<\/td><\/tr>
ottaa<\/em><\/td>ota!<\/em><\/td>ottakaa!<\/em><\/td>pegue!, peguem!<\/td><\/tr>
sy\u00f6d\u00e4<\/em><\/td>sy\u00f6!<\/em><\/td>sy\u00f6k\u00e4\u00e4!<\/em><\/td>coma!, comam!<\/td><\/tr>
tehd\u00e4<\/em><\/td>tee!<\/em><\/td>tehk\u00e4\u00e4!<\/em><\/td>fa\u00e7a!, fa\u00e7am!<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Na forma negativa<\/a>, usam-se \u00e4l\u00e4<\/em> e \u00e4lk\u00e4\u00e4<\/em>: \u00e4l\u00e4 puhu<\/em> (n\u00e3o fale), \u00e4lk\u00e4\u00e4 puhuko<\/em> (n\u00e3o falem). A forma “falemos” (puhukaamme<\/em>) existe, mas soa formal; na fala, usa-se o passivo: puhutaan!<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

O passivo<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

O passivo finland\u00eas n\u00e3o indica quem faz a a\u00e7\u00e3o, como o “fala-se” do portugu\u00eas. Ele n\u00e3o se conjuga por pessoa:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Infinitivo<\/th>Presente<\/th>Passado<\/th>Portugu\u00eas<\/th><\/tr><\/thead>
puhua<\/em><\/td>puhutaan<\/em><\/td>puhuttiin<\/em><\/td>fala-se, falou-se<\/td><\/tr>
sy\u00f6d\u00e4<\/em><\/td>sy\u00f6d\u00e4\u00e4n<\/em><\/td>sy\u00f6tiin<\/em><\/td>come-se, comeu-se<\/td><\/tr>
menn\u00e4<\/em><\/td>menn\u00e4\u00e4n<\/em><\/td>mentiin<\/em><\/td>vai-se, foi-se<\/td><\/tr>
haluta<\/em><\/td>halutaan<\/em><\/td>haluttiin<\/em><\/td>quer-se, quis-se<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Uma express\u00e3o comum com o passivo \u00e9 sanotaan, ett\u00e4\u2026<\/em> (dizem que\u2026). Na l\u00edngua falada, o passivo tamb\u00e9m substitui a 1\u00aa pessoa do plural: me menn\u00e4\u00e4n<\/em> no lugar de me menemme<\/em> (n\u00f3s vamos).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n\n

Fontes: MyLanguages<\/a>, Wikipedia<\/a> e Wiktionary<\/a><\/p>\n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Este \u00e9 o segundo artigo sobre verbos finlandeses. O primeiro mostra o presente e os seis tipos de verbo. Aqui est\u00e3o o passado em finland\u00eas, os tempos compostos, o condicional, o imperativo e o passivo. O passado O passado simples (imperfeito) \u00e9 marcado por um -i- entre o radical e a termina\u00e7\u00e3o pessoal. As termina\u00e7\u00f5es<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":294,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[14],"class_list":["post-278","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-gramatica","tag-verbos"],"yoast_head":"\nVerbos (verbit) em finland\u00eas: passado, condicional e imperativo • Aprender Finland\u00eas<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"O passado em finland\u00eas, o perfeito e o mais-que-perfeito, al\u00e9m do condicional, do imperativo e do passivo, com as mudan\u00e7as no radical.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/hridiomas.com\/aprender-finlandes\/verbos-em-finlandes-passado\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"pt_BR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" 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