{"id":1319,"date":"2026-10-06T08:56:11","date_gmt":"2026-10-06T11:56:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/hridiomas.com\/aprender-esperanto\/?p=1319"},"modified":"2026-10-06T08:56:11","modified_gmt":"2026-10-06T11:56:11","slug":"poder-dever-e-querer-em-esperanto","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/hridiomas.com\/aprender-esperanto\/poder-dever-e-querer-em-esperanto\/","title":{"rendered":"Poder, dever e querer (povi, devi, voli) em esperanto"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Poder, dever e querer em esperanto s\u00e3o <strong>povi<\/strong>, <strong>devi<\/strong> e <strong>voli<\/strong>. Os tr\u00eas funcionam como verbos auxiliares: v\u00eam seguidos de outro verbo no infinitivo, em <strong>-i<\/strong>, e os dois verbos t\u00eam o mesmo sujeito.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-povi-poder\">Povi: poder<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Povi<\/strong> mostra que algo \u00e9 poss\u00edvel, seja por capacidade, pelas circunst\u00e2ncias ou por permiss\u00e3o. S\u00f3 o contexto diz qual \u00e9 o caso:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Du homoj povas pli multe fari ol unu.<\/strong><br>Duas pessoas podem fazer mais do que uma.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>En malbona vetero oni povas facile malvarmumi.<\/strong><br>Com tempo ruim, \u00e9 f\u00e1cil pegar um resfriado.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Para deixar claro o motivo, existem <strong>kapabli<\/strong> (ser capaz) e <strong>rajti<\/strong> (ter o direito), mas na maioria das vezes <strong>povi<\/strong> basta.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-devi-dever-ter-que\">Devi: dever, ter que<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Devi<\/strong> mostra algo que n\u00e3o se pode evitar, por obriga\u00e7\u00e3o ou pelas circunst\u00e2ncias:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>La \u015dipanoj devas obei la \u015dipestron.<\/strong><br>Os marinheiros devem obedecer ao capit\u00e3o.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>La tran\u0109ilo estis tiel malakra, ke mi ne povis tran\u0109i per \u011di la viandon kaj mi devis uzi mian po\u015dan tran\u0109ilon.<\/strong><br>A faca estava t\u00e3o cega que n\u00e3o consegui cortar a carne com ela e tive que usar o meu canivete.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-voli-querer\">Voli: querer<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Voli<\/strong> mostra um desejo ou uma inten\u00e7\u00e3o. Com infinitivo, quem quer \u00e9 quem faz:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u015ci volas danci.<\/strong><br>Ela quer dan\u00e7ar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Mi volas diri al vi la veron.<\/strong><br>Quero dizer a verdade a voc\u00ea.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Quando se quer que outra pessoa fa\u00e7a algo, usa-se <strong>ke<\/strong> e o verbo em <strong>-u<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Mi volas, ke vi tien iru.<\/strong><br>Quero que voc\u00ea v\u00e1 l\u00e1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Voli<\/strong> tamb\u00e9m aceita um substantivo, como em portugu\u00eas:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Mi ne volas tiun \u0109i supon, donu al mi alian.<\/strong><br>N\u00e3o quero esta sopa, me d\u00ea outra.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-com-ne\">Com ne<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Como se v\u00ea na <a href=\"https:\/\/hridiomas.com\/aprender-esperanto\/negacao-no-esperanto\/\">nega\u00e7\u00e3o<\/a>, <strong>ne<\/strong> nega a palavra que vem logo depois. Com <strong>povi<\/strong>, isso faz diferen\u00e7a:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Mi ne povas iri.<\/strong><br>N\u00e3o posso ir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Mi povas ne iri.<\/strong><br>Posso n\u00e3o ir (n\u00e3o sou obrigado).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Com <strong>devi<\/strong>, Zamenhof usava <strong>ne devi<\/strong> no sentido de &#8220;n\u00e3o dever&#8221;: <strong>Oni ne devas havi tro multe da konfido al si mem.<\/strong> (N\u00e3o se deve ter confian\u00e7a demais em si mesmo.) Para dizer &#8220;n\u00e3o precisar&#8221;, ele usava <strong>ne bezoni<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Vi ne bezonas tiel rapidi.<\/strong><br>Voc\u00ea n\u00e3o precisa ter tanta pressa.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Hoje, h\u00e1 quem use <strong>ne devi<\/strong> tamb\u00e9m para &#8220;n\u00e3o precisar&#8221;, o que pode confundir. <strong>Ne bezoni<\/strong> evita a d\u00favida.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-povus-devus-e-volus\">Povus, devus e volus<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">No condicional em <strong>-us<\/strong>, que aparece no <a href=\"https:\/\/hridiomas.com\/aprender-esperanto\/uso-dos-verbos-no-esperanto\/\">uso dos verbos<\/a>, os tr\u00eas indicam algo que se poderia, deveria ou gostaria de fazer, mas que n\u00e3o acontece:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Mi devus labori.<\/strong><br>Eu deveria trabalhar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Mi povus foriri.<\/strong><br>Eu poderia ir embora.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Mi volus helpi al vi.<\/strong><br>Eu gostaria de ajudar voc\u00ea.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity is-style-dots\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Fontes: <a href=\"https:\/\/bertilow.com\/pmeg\/gramatiko\/gravaj_verboj\/povi_devi_voli\/index.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">PMEG<\/a> e <a href=\"https:\/\/reta-vortaro.de\/revo\/art\/pov.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Reta Vortaro<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Poder, dever e querer em esperanto s\u00e3o povi, devi e voli. Os tr\u00eas funcionam como verbos auxiliares: v\u00eam seguidos de outro verbo no infinitivo, em -i, e os dois verbos t\u00eam o mesmo sujeito. Povi: poder Povi mostra que algo \u00e9 poss\u00edvel, seja por capacidade, pelas circunst\u00e2ncias ou por permiss\u00e3o. S\u00f3 o contexto diz qual<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1340,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[12],"tags":[22],"class_list":["post-1319","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-gramatica","tag-verbos"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v28.1 (Yoast SEO v28.6) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Poder, dever e querer (povi, devi, voli) em esperanto &#8226; Aprender Esperanto<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Como usar poder, dever e querer em esperanto: povi, devi e voli com infinitivo, a diferen\u00e7a entre ne devi e ne bezoni, e povus, devus e volus.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" 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