{"id":2081,"date":"2026-10-19T13:33:43","date_gmt":"2026-10-19T16:33:43","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/hridiomas.com\/aprender-alemao\/?p=2081"},"modified":"2026-10-19T13:33:44","modified_gmt":"2026-10-19T16:33:44","slug":"preterito-prateritum-em-alemao","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/hridiomas.com\/aprender-alemao\/preterito-prateritum-em-alemao\/","title":{"rendered":"Pret\u00e9rito (Pr\u00e4teritum) em alem\u00e3o"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">O pret\u00e9rito em alem\u00e3o, o <em>Pr\u00e4teritum<\/em>, \u00e9 uma das formas do passado: <em>ich lachte<\/em> (eu ri), <em>ich fuhr<\/em> (eu fui, de carro). \u00c9 o tempo dos romances, dos livros de hist\u00f3ria e das not\u00edcias. Na conversa, o alem\u00e3o prefere outra forma, o <a href=\"https:\/\/hridiomas.com\/aprender-alemao\/perfekt-preterito-perfeito-em-alemao\/\"><em>Perfekt<\/em><\/a>, com exce\u00e7\u00e3o de alguns verbos muito usados, que aparecem no <em>Pr\u00e4teritum<\/em> tamb\u00e9m na fala.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-verbos-fracos-te\">Verbos fracos: -te<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Os verbos fracos (regulares) formam o <em>Pr\u00e4teritum<\/em> com <em>-te<\/em> depois do radical, e em seguida a termina\u00e7\u00e3o da pessoa. A forma de <em>ich<\/em> \u00e9 igual \u00e0 de <em>er<\/em>, <em>sie<\/em> e <em>es<\/em>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th><\/th><th>lachen (rir)<\/th><th>reden (falar)<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>ich<\/td><td>lachte<\/td><td>redete<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>du<\/td><td>lachtest<\/td><td>redetest<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>er, sie, es<\/td><td>lachte<\/td><td>redete<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>wir<\/td><td>lachten<\/td><td>redeten<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>ihr<\/td><td>lachtet<\/td><td>redetet<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>sie, Sie<\/td><td>lachten<\/td><td>redeten<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Quando o radical termina em <em>t<\/em> ou <em>d<\/em>, ou em consoante seguida de <em>n<\/em> ou <em>m<\/em>, entra um <em>e<\/em> antes do <em>-te<\/em>: <em>reden<\/em>, <em>redete<\/em>; <em>arbeiten<\/em>, <em>arbeitete<\/em>; <em>\u00f6ffnen<\/em>, <em>\u00f6ffnete<\/em>; <em>atmen<\/em>, <em>atmete<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>ich liebte<\/strong><br>eu amava, eu amei<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>ich l\u00e4chelte<\/strong><br>eu sorri<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Wir machten es gestern.<\/strong><br>N\u00f3s fizemos isso ontem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Er kaufte das gestern.<\/strong><br>Ele comprou isso ontem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-verbos-fortes-a-vogal-muda\">Verbos fortes: a vogal muda<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Os verbos fortes n\u00e3o levam <em>-te<\/em>. Eles trocam a vogal do radical, e as formas de <em>ich<\/em> e <em>er<\/em> ficam sem termina\u00e7\u00e3o. Como h\u00e1 cerca de 173 verbos fortes, divididos em uns 40 grupos, eles costumam ser aprendidos como verbos irregulares, um a um. Abaixo, o infinitivo e a forma do <em>Pr\u00e4teritum<\/em>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th><\/th><th>fahren (ir de carro)<\/th><th>nehmen (pegar)<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>ich<\/td><td>fuhr<\/td><td>nahm<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>du<\/td><td>fuhrst<\/td><td>nahmst<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>er, sie, es<\/td><td>fuhr<\/td><td>nahm<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>wir<\/td><td>fuhren<\/td><td>nahmen<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>ihr<\/td><td>fuhrt<\/td><td>nahmt<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>sie, Sie<\/td><td>fuhren<\/td><td>nahmen<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>sprechen, sprach<\/strong><br>falar<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>schreiben, schrieb<\/strong><br>escrever<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>geben, gab<\/strong><br>dar<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>kommen, kam<\/strong><br>vir<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>gehen, ging<\/strong><br>ir<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>finden, fand<\/strong><br>achar, encontrar<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>hei\u00dfen, hie\u00df<\/strong><br>chamar-se<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Er kam mit einem lauten Seufzen.<\/strong><br>Ele chegou com um suspiro alto.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Die Vorstellung ging bis Mitternacht.<\/strong><br>A apresenta\u00e7\u00e3o foi at\u00e9 a meia-noite.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-verbos-mistos\">Verbos mistos<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Alguns verbos trocam a vogal e tamb\u00e9m recebem <em>-te<\/em> (infinitivo e <em>Pr\u00e4teritum<\/em>):<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>bringen, brachte<\/strong><br>trazer<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>denken, dachte<\/strong><br>pensar<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>wissen, wusste<\/strong><br>saber<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Marion dachte noch tagelang an die Worte ihrer Mutter.<\/strong><br>Marion pensou por dias nas palavras da m\u00e3e.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Sie wusste von dem gestrigen Ereignis.<\/strong><br>Ela sabia do acontecimento de ontem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-sein-haben-e-os-verbos-modais\">Sein, haben e os verbos modais<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Estes verbos continuam no <em>Pr\u00e4teritum<\/em> mesmo na conversa (infinitivo e <em>Pr\u00e4teritum<\/em>):<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>sein, war<\/strong><br>ser, estar<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>haben, hatte<\/strong><br>ter<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>k\u00f6nnen, konnte<\/strong><br>poder<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>m\u00fcssen, musste<\/strong><br>ter de<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>wollen, wollte<\/strong><br>querer<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Wir waren in Paris.<\/strong><br>N\u00f3s estivemos em Paris.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Veja tamb\u00e9m as formas do <a href=\"https:\/\/hridiomas.com\/aprender-alemao\/verbos-modais-modalverben\/\">verbos modais<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-prateritum-ou-perfekt\">Pr\u00e4teritum ou Perfekt?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Na escrita, o <em>Pr\u00e4teritum<\/em> conta o que aconteceu e acabou, sem liga\u00e7\u00e3o com o presente. Quando o fato importa para o agora, usa-se o <em>Perfekt<\/em>. Numa autobiografia se l\u00ea a primeira frase; num curr\u00edculo, a segunda:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Ich studierte in M\u00fcnchen Germanistik.<\/strong><br>Estudei Letras Alem\u00e3s em Munique.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Ich habe in M\u00fcnchen Germanistik studiert.<\/strong><br>Estudei Letras Alem\u00e3s em Munique.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Na fala, o uso varia por regi\u00e3o. No sul da Alemanha e na \u00c1ustria, o <em>Perfekt<\/em> domina, e no alem\u00e3o falado na Su\u00ed\u00e7a o <em>Pr\u00e4teritum<\/em> n\u00e3o \u00e9 usado. No norte, ele resiste mais, mas o <em>Perfekt<\/em> tamb\u00e9m vem ganhando espa\u00e7o.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity is-style-dots\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Fontes: <a href=\"https:\/\/de.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pr%C3%A4teritum\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Wikipedia: Pr\u00e4teritum<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/de.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Starkes_Verb\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Wikipedia: Starkes Verb<\/a> e <a href=\"https:\/\/de.wiktionary.org\/wiki\/Verzeichnis:Deutsch\/Unregelm%C3%A4%C3%9Fige_Konjugation\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Wiktionary<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>O pret\u00e9rito em alem\u00e3o, o Pr\u00e4teritum, \u00e9 uma das formas do passado: ich lachte (eu ri), ich fuhr (eu fui, de carro). \u00c9 o tempo dos romances, dos livros de hist\u00f3ria e das not\u00edcias. Na conversa, o alem\u00e3o prefere outra forma, o Perfekt, com exce\u00e7\u00e3o de alguns verbos muito usados, que aparecem no Pr\u00e4teritum tamb\u00e9m<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2167,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[16],"tags":[197,182],"class_list":["post-2081","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-gramatica","tag-tempos-verbais","tag-verbos"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v28.1 (Yoast SEO v28.8) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Pret\u00e9rito (Pr\u00e4teritum) em alem\u00e3o &#8226; Aprender Alem\u00e3o<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"O pret\u00e9rito em alem\u00e3o (Pr\u00e4teritum): como formar com verbos fracos e fortes, as formas de sein e haben e quando usar no lugar do Perfekt.\" \/>\n<meta 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